Aprataxin, causative gene product for EAOH/AOA1, repairs DNA single-strand breaks with damaged 3′-phosphate and 3′-phosphoglycolate ends

Aprataxin, causative gene product for EAOH/AOA1, repairs DNA single-strand breaks with damaged 3′-phosphate and 3′-phosphoglycolate ends

Aprataxin is the causative gene product for early-onset ataxia with ocular motor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia/ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 1 (EAOH/AOA1), the clinical symptoms of which are predominantly neurological. Although aprataxin has been suggested to be related to DNA single-strand break repair (SSBR), the physiological function of aprataxin remains to be elucidated. DNA single-str...

Tracking the processing of damaged DNA double-strand break ends by ligation-mediated PCR: increased persistence of 3′-phosphoglycolate termini in SCAN1 cells

To track the processing of damaged DNA double-strand break (DSB) ends in vivo, a method was devised for quantitative measurement of 3'-phosphoglycolate (PG) termini on DSBs induced by the non-protein chromophore of neocarzinostatin (NCS-C) in the human Alu repeat. Following exposure of cells to NCS-C, DNA was isolated, and labile lesions were chemically stabilized. All 3'-phosphate and 3'-hydro...

Role of Tyrosyl-dna Phosphodiesterase (tdp 1) on Repair of 3′-phosphoglycolate (3′- Pg) Terminated Dna Double-strand Breaks (dsbs) and in Response to Oxidative Stress

DNA polymerase δ-dependent repair of DNA single strand breaks containing 3′-end proximal lesions

Base excision repair (BER) is the major pathway for the repair of simple, non-bulky lesions in DNA that is initiated by a damage-specific DNA glycosylase. Several human DNA glycosylases exist that efficiently excise numerous types of lesions, although the close proximity of a single strand break (SSB) to a DNA adduct can have a profound effect on both BER and SSB repair. We recently reported th...

Stability of radiation-damaged DNA after multiple strand breaks.

Damage to the DNA backbone occurs from natural sources, and with exceedingly large density during radiotherapy, as typically used for cancer treatment. Here, we focus on the molecular-scale dynamics of the events immediately following the production of single- and double-strand breaks, since this early-stage evolution of the damage is crucial to determine the subsequent fate of the DNA fragment...